Survey
What are Curb and Gutter? Kerb (sometimes called Curbs) is one of the components of the road provided at the edges of the carriageway to provide barrier and safety so that vehicles cannot cross it. Curbs are usually made of either stone or concrete of high strength and have certain more elevation than the road …
Read moreCurb and Gutter details | Advantages, Purpose, Construction Process
In the management of any kind of project, the whole task can be basically divided into 4 phases. They are; project formulation phase, project planning and scheduling phase, project implementation phase, and project termination phase. The project implementation phase governs 80%-85% of the project and the remaining others 5%-6% each. However, the project planning and …
Read moreDifference between PERT and CPM | Time, Suitability, Limitation
Why Curve is Provided? It is neither practicable nor feasible to have a straight highway or railway in a country. Their alignment requires some changes in direction due to the nature of terrain, culture, feature, or other unavoidable reason. Such change in direction cannot be at sharp but have to be gradual which necessitates the …
Read moreTypes of curves, Elements of Curve for Surveying in Civil Engineering
Surveying is the art of determining the relative positions of the points above, on, or below the earth’s surface by the means of direct or indirect measurements. And Plane Table surveying is a graphical method of doing it. In this method, observations and plotting are done simultaneously, which eliminates recording of the observations and chances …
Read morePlane Table Surveying- Principle, Types, Two-point Problem
What is Rate analysis? Rate analysis is the calculation of all costs of materials used for the construction of the concrete structure in the field of civil engineering. Rate analysis is done before construction of the structure like a building, bridge, culvert, or road to get the approximate cost of full construction. If we want …
Read moreRate analysis for Concrete- Step by Step calculation with table
Definition California bearing ratio test (CBR) is defined as the ratio force per unit area which is required to penetrate a mass of soil with the standard circular piston at a rate of 1.25 millimeters per minute to that required for corresponding penetration of standard material. The table given below the standard loads adopted for …
Read moreCalifornia bearing ratio test (CBR) – Procedure, formula, and Significance
What is the direct shear test and why it is required? Shearing strength of the soil is the magnitude of maximum shearing resistance offered by the soil when subjected to shear stress. The friction and interlocking of soil particles cause shearing resistance in soil. This Shearing resistance between soil may be due to chemical bonding …
Read moreDirect shear test- Procedure, Calculation, and drawback of direct shear test
What is bearing capacity of soil? The pressure which the soil can safely withstand is called allowable bearing pressure or bearing capacity of the soil. A foundation is used for distributing loads of the superstructure in a large area. The foundation should be designed such that (a) the soil below does not fail in shear …
Read moreBearing capacity of soil- Plate load test, Ultimate and Safe bearing capacity
What is tacheometric surveying? Tacheometry surveying is defined as the branch of surveying in which horizontal and vertical distances between stations are determined from instrumental observations. In this method, no tape or a chain is used for measuring horizontal distances. This method is very rapid and convenient. The instrument which is used for tacheometric purposes …
Read moreTacheometric Surveying – Purpose, Procedure, and Formula .PDF
There is a huge application of surveying in civil engineering. There is no point in expecting the work of construction to be well managed and safe without surveying. The first step for civil engineers to do for any design and construction is surveying. The survey provides the whole background and clearance about how, when, and …
Read moreApplication of surveying in civil engineering – Principle and Importance
