Compressive strength of concrete | Compressive strength test on concrete

Compressive strength of concrete is the resistance provided by concrete when a compressive load is applied to it. Concrete has very high compressive strength. Most of the design of concrete structures is done by adopting the value of its compressive strength.

Generally, concrete is used for the member of compressive strength because:

  1. It is easy to measure: strength reducing parameters like porosity, microcracking in hydrated cement paste is difficult to measure.
  2. In most of the cases, concrete is employed primarily to resist compressive stresses.
  3. Compressive strength can be used to relate many properties of concrete such as elastic modulus, water tightness or impermeability, wear resistance, fire resistance, etc.

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Types of testing Compressive strength

Two types of test can be performed to determine compressive strength. They are given below :

  1. Cube test
  2. Cylinder test

A) Cube test

  • Specimens are cast in the steel or cast iron moulds of dimension 150mm*150mm*150mm cube
  • The cube is filled in three layers and well compacted
  • The top surface is made smooth
  • The finished surface is then kept undisturbed for 24 hrs
  • Then the mould is removed and the specimen is stored in water for further curing usually up to 28 days
  • It is used in America, Nepal, German and India.
  • Three samples are tested at each time.

Formula to calculate Compressive strength = force at failure/area

B) Cylinder test

  • The specimen is tested in a cylindrical mould of 150 mm diameter and 300 mm height
  • The cylinder is filled with concrete in three layers, tamping each layer 25 strokes
  • The top surface is made smooth
  • The finished surface is left undistributed for 24 hrs at room temperature
  • After 24 hrs, the mould is removed and the specimen is stored in water for28 days for curing
  • The testing of the specimen are taken at the place at 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 90 and 365 days
  • The test specimen must be tested in moist condition with a rate of loading (0.14 – 0.34) Mpa.
  • Formula to calculate Compressive strength = force at failure/area
  • A minimum of three samples is to be tested each time.

Strength of cubes and cylinders of concrete

Compressive strength of concrete
Compressive strength of concrete

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"Structural Engineer" with over 5 years of experience in estimation, structural design, and surveying. I am passionate about using my skills to create safe and sustainable structures. I am also a keen writer, and I enjoy sharing my knowledge and experiences with others.

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